Design Features of Spherical Tanks

1. Uniform Stress Distribution
   The spherical geometry allows pressure to be evenly distributed in all directions, reducing stress concentration and increasing service life.

2. High Storage Capacity, Small Footprint
   Compared with cylindrical tanks, a spherical tank with the same volume requires less land, making it ideal for compact plant layouts.

3. Welded Shell Structure
   Spherical storage tanks are fabricated from multiple curved steel plates welded together. The total welding length is shorter, which improves quality control and inspection efficiency.

4. Flexible Supports
   Depending on local seismic and wind conditions, spherical tanks can be mounted on column supports or skirt supports to ensure structural stability.

Manufacturing Standards and Materials

A reliable spherical storage tank manufacturer must strictly follow pressure vessel regulations. Key considerations include:

• Design Pressure & Temperature: Calculated based on the properties of the stored medium.

• Material Selection: Carbon steel, low-alloy steel, and stainless steel are commonly used. For cryogenic service, low-temperature steel with excellent toughness is required.

• Welding & Heat Treatment: Welding procedures (WPS/PQR) must be qualified, followed by post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) when necessary.

• Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): UT, RT, PT, and MT ensure weld integrity.

• Accessories: Manholes, inlets/outlets, level gauges, safety valves, thermometers, and pressure gauges are installed for safe operation.

Applications of Spherical Tanks

• Petrochemical Industry: Storage of LPG, liquid ammonia, and other hazardous gases.

• Natural Gas Projects: Storage and distribution of LNG.

• Metallurgical & Energy Sectors: Storage of coal chemical by-products and industrial gases.

• City Gas Systems: Used as a buffer and peak-shaving storage facility.

Safety and Maintenance

Because spherical tanks store flammable and toxic substances, safety is the top priority. Essential practices include:

1. Hydrostatic or pneumatic testing before commissioning.

2. Regular inspection of wall thickness, weld seams, and structural supports.

3. Reliable safety valves and pressure relief devices.

4. Fire protection and emergency response systems.

5. Strict compliance with ASME, GB, and API codes.

A spherical storage tank is one of the most efficient and reliable solutions for large-scale storage of LPG, LNG, and other hazardous media. Its uniform stress design, high storage efficiency, and long service life make it a preferred choice for global petrochemical and energy projects.

As a professional ASME-certified pressure vessel manufacturer, BOOYO Industry provides complete engineering, design, and manufacturing solutions for Class II spherical tanks, ensuring the highest safety and quality standards.